Us8936111b2 invert drilling fluids having enhanced rheology. View and download fann dna 102410489 instruction manual online. Invert drilling fluids having enhanced rheology and methods. The development of instrumentation to measure material properties has paralleled our understanding of their molecular properties. The term originates from the greek word rhei meaning to flow figure 1. Fann model 35 viscometers are versatile instruments for research or production use. Measurement of fluid rheology and interpretation of rheograms second edition dr. Viscosity of a structured fluid as a function of shear rate and particle concentration1. The compositions of these samples formulation samples 6 are set forth in table 2a below and the results of these tests are graphed in figs.
Robert martinuzzi, department of mechanical and manufacturing engineering. By making certain measurement on a fluid, it is possible to determine how that fluid will flow under a variety of conditions including temperature, pressure and shear rate. Viscosity measured by a couette viscometer, such as the model 35, is a measure of the shear stress caused by a given shear rate. Evaluation of rheology and pressure losses for oilbased. Fann produces a range of true couette coaxial cylinder rotational viscometers.
Understanding rheology of structured fluids keywords. Universiti teknologi petronas bandar seri iskandar 31750 tronoh perak darul ridzuan. From the use of u tube viscometers to measure the viscosity of newtonian liquids, we now use viscometers that routinely measure viscosity as a function of shear rate together with rheometers that can characterize the solidlike properties of the same material. A basic introduction to rheology technology networks. This means that if the sample fluid characteristics are extremely. The fann 75 rheometer measures similarly as the fann 35 rheometer but can measure rheology under high temperature and pressure.
The fann model 35 viscometer are direct reading instruments which are. An extruder is not a very accurate instrument to measure rheological data of the melt that is being processed. The test fluid is contained in the annular space or shear gap between the cylinders. Digital circulating bath doublewalled sample cup and insulating jacket. Heat or cool sample to desired test temperature of 115 2f. Ranging from the simple marsh funnel to to rotational viscometers like the industry standard model 35 viscometer to the high pressure, high temperature ix77 rheometer, the fann line includes an instrument for any drillilng fluid testing need, in the field or in the lab. Fann 45 viscometer is more versatile because it can take rheology measurements at any speed between. Fann dna 102410489 instruction manual pdf download. Rotational viscometers that impose discrete rotational velocities, such as the fann 35a, are traditionally employed to evaluate the rheological properties of. Shear ratesstresses an overview sciencedirect topics. The improved rheology is effected with addition of hydrophobic amines, most preferably dimer diamines.
The uppermost layer has maximum velocity while the bottom layer is stationary. Finally, a comparison is made between these experiments and those obtained using a fann 35 fann instrument co. In this research two types montmorilloniteclays clay of the taukentsky field of south kazakhstan and the tagansky field of east kazakhstan are used. Model 35 viscometers are available in 6speed and 12speed models. Laboratory study of high temperature additive to rheology. An invert emulsion drilling fluid, and a method of drilling with such fluid, having improved rheology at low mud weights and high temperatures. On the rheological parameters governing oilwell cement. Rheology is the science of deformation and flow of matter. Thiago pinheiro da silva enhanced fluid rheology characterization for managed pressure drilling.
Rheologists describe the deformation and flow behavior of all kinds of material. In the above equations, if fann 35 dial readings are multiplied by constant 1. Model 35 viscometer instruction manual fann instrument company. We have confirmed these values were established by the original fann company more than 30 years ago. Newtonian, its rheology is near enough to newtonian that this viscometer can be. Rheology and api b2 paul, i have attached a copy of the current fann instruction manual for the model 35 viscometer. Drilling fluid is contained in the annular space between two concentric cylinders. Rheology after the sample preparation, the cement slurry is homogenized at a rotational speed of 150 rpm for 20 minutes in an atmospheric consistometer.
As a result of this study more accurate fluid rheology measurements can be made with the fann model 50 viscometer if a realistic thermal and shear history are used, along with a bobsleeve combination which maximizes the fluid contained within the gap and minimizes circulation of gel plugs back into the gap. The outer cylinder or rotor sleeve is driven at a constant velocity. K is the consistency factor and n is the consistency index. Study of the rheological properties of various oilbased.
The result of this work has provided both quantification of the effects of these factors and suggestions for improvement of the measurement. Wyss weitzlab group meeng tutorial 10x10 35 0 5 10 strain 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time s. Page 32, table 75 indicates the conversion factors used by fann. Finally, the marsh funnel rheological results are also compared with the fann 35 viscometer results. Sep 08, 2011 the fann 75 rheometer measures similarly as the fann 35 rheometer but can measure rheology under high temperature and pressure. It is used for those fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity and therefore require more parameters to be set and measured than is the case for a viscometer. Newtonian, its rheology is near enough to newtonian that this viscometer can be used and the viscosity calculated as though it were newtonian. Are the rheological properties of waterbased and synthetic drilling. If constant 511 is used, the unit of shear stress is g100 cms 2. On the rheological parameters governing oilwell cement slurry. Are the rheological properties of waterbased and synthetic. Interpretation of viscometer test results for polymer support.
Pdf an improved estimation of shear rate for yield stress fluids. Analysis of fann model 50 for fracturing fluid rheology. The compositions of these samples formulation samples 6 are set forth in table 2a below and the results of these. The viscometer is a simple controlled shear rate type of instrument.
Bentone128 was added to compensate for the loss in viscosity, and at the respective time of sampling for the data measurements in this work, the owr of the fluid was 919 for the first batch and. Selecting the most appropriate model for rheological. Model 35 viscometer instruction manual fann instrument co. Rheological methods in food process engineering second edition james f. Flip vg meter toggle switch, located on right rear side of vg meter, to high position by pulling forward. Other rotorbob combinations andor torsion springs can be substituted to extend the torque. Drillwell d294 rheology modifier for oil based muds. The cold water rheology kit is an accessory for the fann model 35 viscometer. The fann 35 vg meter 6 speed data were plotted and the fluid model identified.
Model 35 viscometers are direct reading, couette type, coaxial cylinder viscometers which, are used under laboratory and field conditions for determining the rheological characteristics of materials under prescribed conditions of shear stress torque and shear rate rpm. Model 35 viscometer instruction manual 208878 revision p, january 2016 10 3 features and specifications the fann directindicating viscometers are equipped with the standard r1 rotor sleeve, b1 bob, f1 torsion spring, and a stainless steel sample cup. The directindicating viscometer is a rotational cylinder and bob instrument. Yet, various suppliers of micro compounders claim to be able to give reliable values for the melt viscosity and the corresponding shear rate and shear stress by rheological measurements in the backflow channel and analyzing these with proprietary software. The first requirement is that the power available matches the voltage labeled on the circulating chiller. Typically, ecopolxanlms is used at a concentration of 510 gal. Dynamic viscoelasticity and dynamic sagging correlation of. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the bachelor of engineering hons chemical engineering. Using fann model 35 instructions this instruction is for both the 115 vac pn 31753 and the 230 vac pn 31754 cold water rheology kits. Extended rheological software the platform for polymer and. Rotation of the outer cylinder at known velocities is accomplished through precision gearing. Viscosity results for a cdp polymer support fluid viscometer test results and. A rapid screening method for testing stability to understand rheology of viscoelastic fluids, frequency dependence of their g and g material functions to be measured shear storage modulus g shear loss modulus g sudip kumar modh 12. Model 35 viscometer instruction manual expotech usa.
Pdf interpretation of viscometer test results for polymer support fluids. Also known as directindicating viscometer or vg meter, an instrument used to measure viscosity and gel strength of drilling mud. Solids are said to have an elastic response, and can resist. For shear flow to take place a shear force must act on the fluid. Bottle from the 19th century bearing the inscription tinct ur rhei vin um darel. Research of rheological parameters of the drilling muds developed was made by fann viscometer, model 35 sa usa and the vsn3 rotational viscometer russia. Place thermometer in thermal cup containing sample. Both instruments are concentric cylinder viscometers that provide rheology measurements at ambient pressure and temperature from 0f to 150f 4.
The fann model 35 viscometer is used around the world to determine the viscosity of drilling fluids and wherever viscosity measurements are. The apparatus used for the test is a concentric cylinder device couette flow commonly used in the oilfield fann vg 35 a. Shale shakers effect on drilling fluids rheological properties. Bentone128 was added to compensate for the loss in viscosity, and at the respective time of sampling for the data measurements in this work, the owr of the fluid was 919 for the first batch and 955 for the last batch. The dial reading on the fann directindicating viscometer is in lb100 ft2, but note that the dial reading is not exact. Viscometer model 35 widely known as the standard of the industry for drilling fluid viscosity measurements.
Product information rheology the science coaxial cylinder. Rheological analysis of drilling fluid using marsh funnel. Operators use this kit with the model 35 when measuring rheological properties of drilling fluids at temperatures less than 70of 21. It illustrates one of the most important nonlinear effects in rheology, namely, the existence of normal stresses.
Triantafillopoulos at the institute of paper chemistry. Coaxial cylinder viscosimeter calculations of coefficients. A fann35 viscometer is used to measure shear stress and gel strength of drilling fluid samples. A rheometer is a laboratory device used to measure the way in which a liquid, suspension or slurry flows in response to applied forces. Aqueous polymer solutions and bentonite suspension used for. The fann 45 viscometer is an automated version of the fann 35 viscometer. A fann 35 viscometer is used to measure shear stress and gel strength of drilling fluid samples. The model 35 viscometer is the best known and most commonly used fann viscometer.
Cold water rheology kit fann instrument company is the leading manufacturer and a worldwide supplier of test and measurement instrumentation for the analysis of drilling, fracturing, completion fluids, and oil well cements. The viscous drag exerted by the fluid creates a torque on the inner cylinder or bob. Bentonite is commonly used as a drilling fluid additive for viscosity control during drilling of oil wells. Interpretation of viscometer test results for polymer. They can be used wherever a regulatedfrequency power source is available.
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